Phase Change and Thermal Energy
NGSS Performance Expectations
Enduring Understanding
Essential Questions
http://chem4kids.com/files/matter_intro.html
- MS-PS1-4 Develop a model that predicts and describes changes in particle motion, temperature, and state of a pure substance when thermal energy is added or removed.
Enduring Understanding
- Everything in the universe is composed of matter and energy. Within matter, particles are constantly in motion.
Essential Questions
- How does energy affect the motion of particles?
- How does the motion of particles affect the phase of matter?
- How does the arrangement of particles change as the phase changes?
http://chem4kids.com/files/matter_intro.html
Atomic Structure & Chemical Reactions
NGSS Performance Expectations
http://www.chem4kids.com/files/matter_states.html
http://teacher.scholastic.com/activities/studyjams/matter_states/
http://www.chemicool.com/
http://www.phschool.com/webcodes10/index.cfm?fuseaction=home.gotoWebCode&wcprefix=cgd&wcsuffix=1012
http://www.chem4kids.com/files/react_acidbase.html
http://www.chemtutor.com/acid.htm
http://scienceview.berkeley.edu/showcase/flash/juicebar.html
http://www.chemguide.co.uk/atoms/bonding/ionic.html
http://lgfl.skoool.co.uk/content.aspx?id=64
- MS-PS1-1 Develop models to describe the atomic composition of simple molecules and extended structures.
- MS-PS1-2 Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred.
- MS-PS1-5 Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved.
- MS-PS1-6 Undertake a design project to construct, test and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes.
- The atom is the basic unit of every element.
- The fact that matter is composed of atoms and molecules can be used to explain the properties of substances, diversity of material, states of matter, phase changes, and conservation of matter.
- Reacting substances rearrange to form different molecules, but the number of atoms is conserved. Some reactions release energy and others absorb energy
- How can the chemical and physical properties of a substance determine its identity?
- What happens to the individual atoms of a substance when a chemical reaction occurs?
- What is matter composed of and how can we use this information to improve our lives?
- How and why do we create models of something we can't see?
- How is the periodic table of elements used to help us understand matter
- What if there were no chemical reactions?
- Why is conservation of matter important?
http://www.chem4kids.com/files/matter_states.html
http://teacher.scholastic.com/activities/studyjams/matter_states/
http://www.chemicool.com/
http://www.phschool.com/webcodes10/index.cfm?fuseaction=home.gotoWebCode&wcprefix=cgd&wcsuffix=1012
http://www.chem4kids.com/files/react_acidbase.html
http://www.chemtutor.com/acid.htm
http://scienceview.berkeley.edu/showcase/flash/juicebar.html
http://www.chemguide.co.uk/atoms/bonding/ionic.html
http://lgfl.skoool.co.uk/content.aspx?id=64
Phase Changes in the Water Cycle
NGSS Performance Expectations
Enduring Understandings
Helpful Websites:
http://www.sciencekids.co.nz/sciencefacts/weather/thewatercycle.html
- MS-ESS2-4 Develop a model to describe the cycling of water through Earth's Systems driven by energy from the sun and the force of gravity.
Enduring Understandings
- Water cycles among land, ocean and atmosphere and is propelled by sunlight and gravity. Density variations of seawater drive interconnected ocean currents. Water movement causes weathering and erosion changing landscape features.
- How does energy from the sun drive the cycling of water through Earth's systems?
Helpful Websites:
http://www.sciencekids.co.nz/sciencefacts/weather/thewatercycle.html
Weather
NGSS Performance Expectations
Enduring Understandings
http://www.srh.noaa.gov/jetstream/atmos/layers.htm
http://science-edu.larc.nasa.gov/SCOOL/tutorial/clouds/cloudtypes.html
http://www.kidzone.ws/water/
http://www.phschool.com/atschool/phsciexp/active_art/weather_fronts/
http://ww2010.atmos.uiuc.edu/(Gh)/guides/mtr/af/frnts/home.rxml
http://www.uwf.edu/atc/projects/coriolis/main.swf
- MS-ESS2-5 Collect data to provide evidence for how the motions and complex interactions of air masses results in changes in weather conditions.
- MS-ESS2-6 Develop and use a model to describe how unequal heating and rotation of the Earth cause patterns of atmospheric and oceanic circulation that determine regional climates.
Enduring Understandings
- Complex interactions determine local weather patterns and influence climate, including the role of the ocean.
- How do the interactions of solar energy, water, land forms and living things affect weather and climate?
http://www.srh.noaa.gov/jetstream/atmos/layers.htm
http://science-edu.larc.nasa.gov/SCOOL/tutorial/clouds/cloudtypes.html
http://www.kidzone.ws/water/
http://www.phschool.com/atschool/phsciexp/active_art/weather_fronts/
http://ww2010.atmos.uiuc.edu/(Gh)/guides/mtr/af/frnts/home.rxml
http://www.uwf.edu/atc/projects/coriolis/main.swf
Earth's Surface & Geological Time
NGSS Performance Expectations
Enduring Understandings
Essential Questions
http://www.kidsgeo.com/geology-for-kids/0043-plate-tectonics.php
http://www.geography4kids.com/files/earth_tectonics.html
http://sciencebuddies.com/
http://teacher.nsrl.rochester.edu/phy_labs/AppendixE/AppendixE.html
http://outreach.physics.utah.edu/labs/scientific_method/sci_method_main.html
http://www.baruch.cuny.edu/tutorials/weissman/chemlab/Template.html
- MS-ESS2-1 Develop a model to describe the cycling of Earth's materials and the flow of energy that drives this process.
- MS-ESS2-2 Construct an explanation based on evidence for how geoscience processes have changed Earth's surface at varying times and spatial scales.
- MS-ESS2-3 Analyze and interpret data on the distribution of fossils and rocks, continental shapes, and seafloor structures to provide evidence of the past plate motions.
- MS-ESS1-4 Construct a scientific explanation based on evidence from rock strata for how the geologic time scale is used to organize Earth's 4.6 billion year old history.
Enduring Understandings
- Rock strata and the fossil record can be used as evidence to organize the relative occurrence of
major historical events in Earth’s history. - Plate tectonics is the unifying theory that explains movements of rocks at Earth’s surface and
geological history. Maps are used to display evidence of plate movement.
Essential Questions
- How do chemical and physical changes cause changes in the Earth's surface?
- How does the movement of tectonic plates impact the surface of the Earth through natural hazards such as earthquakes and volcanoes that present risks to society?
- How can distribution of fossils and rocks, continental shapes, and seafloor structures be used to provide evidence of past plate motions?
http://www.kidsgeo.com/geology-for-kids/0043-plate-tectonics.php
http://www.geography4kids.com/files/earth_tectonics.html
http://sciencebuddies.com/
http://teacher.nsrl.rochester.edu/phy_labs/AppendixE/AppendixE.html
http://outreach.physics.utah.edu/labs/scientific_method/sci_method_main.html
http://www.baruch.cuny.edu/tutorials/weissman/chemlab/Template.html